WW2

          In the Soviet Union Joseph Stalin was the leader. Italy was being controlled by Benito Mussolini. Hideki Jojo was in charge of Japan. The president of the U.S. after the WW1 was Franklin D. Roosevelt. All the leaders agreed on not wanting another war.
        Italy and Germany were extreme nationalist. They  wanted militaristic expansion they were also anti-Soviet.


The Nazis leader Adolf Hitler

       After the war the National Socialist German Worker's Party people also known it as the Nazi Party started to take over Europe. Adolf Hitler was a powerful speaker that later became the leader of the group promised Germany that he would lead them out of chaos.
        After WW1 the Great Depression started. With  the Great Depression a lot of the men in Germany started to get unemployed. This helped the Nazis gain power. It later help them convince  those men to join their army. People were desperate that they turned to Hitler for help and they turned him into the chancellor. From their it was easier for to take over Germany.
         The Leaguer of Nations was setup after WW1 to help prevent world wars later failed. Around 1935 Hitler got out of the League of Nations and started to violate the treaties they once signed. The first treaty broken was the Treaty of Versailles by creating his own army. When he started to take over Ethiopia with the help of Italian soldiers the League of Nations didn't do anything to stop them. Later they didn't give them any money but that also didn't do anything with Italy.
          After the WW1 the U.S. was so scared and alarmed with the problems going that they didn't want to get involved incase that turned in to a war. They also passed the Neutrality because they didn't want outsiders to be coming in the U.S. President Roosevelt was against isolationism so he tried to help China. When isolationism newspapers accused the president that he was leading the U.S. into another war he backed out from helping anyone.

This shows the places Hitler took over

          Hitler than started to take over Europe little by little. His first move was toward Austria. One day he just went to Austria and proposed that they would unify. They agreed and there was no war. His next move was for Czechoslovakia. He accused them of abusing the Sudeten Germans. The Czechs were protected by France and Great Britain until war was inevitable and Hitler decided to sign the Munich Agreement. It stated that Germany wouldn't invade another country besides the Czechs. His next move to take over Germany was to take over Poland. He lied that the Germans in Poland were mistreated and needed his protection. He signed a non-aggression pact with Poland.
          Hitler invaded Austria, Czechoslovakia, Poland, Yugoslavia, Bulgaria, Greece, Romania, Hungary, Lithuania, Latvia, Estonia, Finland, Norway, France, Denmark, the Netherlands(Holland), Belgium, and the Soviet Union.
          Germany's position in the map gave them an advantage to take over the countries they took. They are placed in an edge so they can see all their opponents and not worry of getting attacked.
          Winston Churchill was the prime minister's rival in Great Britain. He didn't agree with the prime minister because he thought the policy was just an appeasement and they would then still go to war. He had said "We have passed an awful milestone in our history ... And do not suppose that is the end..."

The U.S. After WW1

     

Some people were celebrating their victory after the war

After WW1 many Americans feared outsiders, immigrants, and communist. They thought if they were in isolation it will be the best idea. The Americans feared communism because that would give everyone the same amount of money so there would not be a difference between the working class and the elite. The U.S. went to the extreme of limiting immigration.

       With these fears the Americans turned Nativist and limited immigration. Nativist helped with the fears because they didn't wanted outsiders they thought "Let America for Americans". When they limited the immigration a lot of the opportunities immigrants had in the U.S. were harder to get.

       Americans related their fears to the League of Nations because they didn't want to care for others that are smaller in size and power. They didn't want collective security. 

Communist was one of the most feared ideas in the U.S

       Communist wanted the working class to rule the government. The money would be distributed evenly. There would be no difference between the working class and the elite.

Germany's Dissatisfaction

    

The ships were in a straight line blocking any ship from coming inside 

      Germany was upset with the U.S. an Great Britain because of the blockade. Britain saw that the U.S was shipping ammunition and other supplies to Germany so they decided use their naval strength and created a blockade. When that happened the U.S. decided to just stop sending ships to deliver supplies when they wouldn't be able to deliver successfully which then upset the Germans. 

Woodrow Wilson tried to to keep the world peace

       Like the blockade was intercepting every U.S boat and didn't let any food or other supplies come in the Germans decided to start sinking ships not caring whose they were. Some of the U.S boats were also sunked one of the worst was in May 7, 1915 when a lot of American lifes were lost.
      During this time period the U.S. president at that time Woodrow Wilson didn't want to fall into the provocations of the Germans they tried not to fight but talk it out. The Germans agreed for a while but then broke their promises later on.  Woodrow Wilson wanted to keep things calmed and not have to go war because of the blockade.
     I think Woodrow Wilson had a great idea on trying to make peace with Germany and Great Britain. If each problem was resolved talking and not going straight to war we could avoid wars at all.

Why the U.S. Joined WW1

This is a diagram of how a trench would be designed

     Imagine being in the war in 1918 you are inside a trench. There are rats everywhere this has been your home for three years. Everyday you are either trying to go to your enemy's side or fighting the enemies trying to take your land.

    WW1 was important because it was the first war that not only did it involved neighboring countries but the  whole world. One thing that is interesting about the is that soldiers had to be in the trenches for three whole years unless they died. They had ammunition in the trenches and anything they needed for the battles.

In WW1 only men could go to war

    Now a days in wars women can fight. Wars are also fought in small teams instead of big armies like 1918. Back in the day the two opposing countries would take their big armies into the battlefield. White men were the only ones allowed to join the army.
     During WW1 the U.S. helped the Allies which in this alliances it included  France, Britain, and Russia. The U.S. helped them by supplying ammunition and other supplies the countries needed for battle. One reason they joined the war was to make sure they could get there money back for all the supplies they provided to the countries at war.

Food Inc: How your food is made

Happy Meals with your favorite toys

When I was in 4th grade, I loved McDonald's Happy Meals. They were my favorite thing to eat. My mom would take me to McDonalds every time I behaved good or got good grades. It was my favorite reward. Yes I would eat the chicken nuggets and fries but I loved those toys I would get at the bottom of the red box. I would also look at the outside of the box to see what new toys would come. I never realized how my food was being created.

     In the documentary Food Inc. we were able to see how our food is being created. We can see how farmers give our food to factories and they then give it to our providers.

     The first McDonalds restaurant had many workers and their food was cheap. When the owners came up with a new idea of how the workers would work it helped reduce the cost of food. The owners came up with an idea that similar to how factories worked.

    Of the food being produced in American 8 out of 10 paties are being controlled by four big companies.  Tyson, JBS, Cargill, and National Beef. Tyson is the biggest  food company. Brands names and labels can be misleading because some labels have a farm as the picture and the product has never even been to a  farm in all its life. Labels on food can also state "raised humanly" when they were locked up and never allowed to see the light as shown in the movie. Industrial cheap food can be "dishonest" because that doesn't it include the environmental, societal, and health cost. The enviornmental cost is the impact in the  enviornment. The societal cost is the impact in the society. The health cost is the health problems you can get.

     In 1950 chickens took a long time to grow, they had normal size breasts. Over the time the chickens were injected hormones which helped make the chicken breast bigger. This helped the people that bring our food to the supermarkets or restaurants because now people could get more meat for less.

     During the movie Food Inc. the producers tried to interview a farmer that provides crops for Tyson. Tyson didn't let the people interview the farmer because they didn't want people to know the truth the how they treat their chickens.

     In the movie according to the USDA which is the U.S. Department of  Agriculture a farm owned by a man named Joel Salatin is "unsanitary" which means it's dirty and unhealthy. The USDA say it's "unsanitary" because when the cows go and eat the grass they also fertilize it at the same time. That means that when they eat they poo and that gives the plants nutrients. The USDA  also called the farm "unsanitary" because of the way they clean and kill there chickens. He uses regular knives and other kitchen utensils. Unlike factories that use other things to kill them.

     The government orders farmers to grow corn cheap. They are paying to overproduce make the value go down. One of the reasons they need a lot of corn is farmers can feed their animals corn and its cheaper than grass.Corn is so important its used in ketchup, cheese, coke, potato chips, meat, bread, and many more products. Problems that have started because animals are eating corn is they get E. Coli.  E.Coli is a a type of germ that if people eat it , it can cause problems with your kidney or other parts of your body. People can get this germ through their meat.Young kids or elders can also die from that.

Corn is overproduced

     Kevin Kowalcyk died in 2001 because he ate a hamburger that had E. Coli. His parents talked to the people that check if the meats we eat don't have diseases and it took them 27 days to recall the meat because it had E. Coli. That means that they want that certain type of meat back because its infected. Factories put ammonia  which is a  liquid used in house cleaning supplies to their meats to wash down the E. Coli. They then put the washed meats together and call it pink slime.

     The cheapest food is fast food because they are made of corn. Like corn is over cropped its cheap and mostly all the food is made of that. When people don't have a lot of money people have to get fast food because they are the cheapest. Fast foods can cause obesity and type 2 diabetes. Cheap food
is high in fats, salt, and cholesterols.

     Many meat packing plants get many of their workers because of NAFTA. NAFTA stands for the North American Free Trade Act which allows immigrants workers to come help in factories. Food companies are protected by the veggie liabel law. It states that no one can criticize that company or there products. If someone does than you will have to pay the company.
   

America's Food Supply

        Perdue is a major chicken processing company located in Salisbury, Maryland. That has been accused of false advertising. The company stated  that they treated there chicken humanly when it was from the truth. In the article "Abusing Chickens We Eat" by Nicholas Kristof published in The New Work Times the author states that Perdue is a hypocrite because they put on there labels "humanly raised" and "cage free". The  author also states that chickens should be treated humanly.



This is how the chicken barns look with limited space. Source

      The author was able to talk to one farmer that raised chickens for the Perdue company. The farmer watched a video of Jim Perdue and how they mistreat the animals and he said "It couldn't get any further from the truth."  The author also talked about how the chickens live in the barns. He described how the chickens are all unable to walk a lot  do to the wait of their big breast. They are also always laying in excrement from other bird that were kept there before which causes them to be featherless.

      Nicholas Kristof wrote in his article "So "cage free" is meaningful for eggs but not for chicken meat. Moreover, Perdue's chickens are crammed so tightly in barns that they might as well be in cages. Each bird on the Watts farm gets just two-thirds of a square foot." I think this quote is the best quote because it describes how the chickens live in the barns.



Kids would play in alleys full of trash. Source 

      In the novel "The Jungle" by Upton Siclair he described how the factories were in bad  conditions for the workers. In 1906 people would just throw their excrement out the window. The factories were full of rats. Where the meat was stored it was at room temperature and rats could eat it. Flies were always on the food.

     During 1906 when the book was published the president at that time Theodore  Roosevelt had read it and sent investigators to check how the meat was being handled. His investigators backed up what Siclair had written in his book so he did something about it. He passed the Federal  Meat Inspection Act of 1906. Thanks to the Federal Meat Inspection Act of 1906 the meat now is clean and not rotten. The act prevented adulterated or misbrand meat to be out in the market.

       In my opinion companies should not mistreat the chickens. The barns were the chickens are being held should be clean every time that new chickens are being brought. The chickens should also get a little more space because that's why some of them die because there is not a lot of breathing air.

What Happened to the 43?

     


This is the Ayotzinapa school were the 43 missing students. source 

          The Aytozinapa School is a college located in Guerrero. It helps train future teachers in rural areas. It teaches the students with limited amount of supplies. The students are tought with communist ideas. Government doesn't agree with the political beliefs of the Ayotzinapa students wich creates a lot of tension between the police and the students.
          On the night of September 2014 three buses full of students from the Ayotzinapa school were intersected  by local policies. The polices then started to open fire. Three students were killed and three bystanders.  Later 43 of the students are kidnapped and haven't been seen since that day
          Jose Luis Abarca was the mayor of Iguala. Maria de Los Angeles Pineda was the wife of the mayor. Both the mayor and his wife were linked to the drug cartel in Mexico. People believe they had something to do with the case of the 43 missing students.
      The Mexican people want the government to do something about all the missing people. They already lost fate in the government and have started there own search parties to hopefully find the missing students. The Mexican government hasn't been taking that much interest in the case of the 43 missing students. The parents of the missing students are demanding the government to return there kids alive. The parents have also made marches and rally's to demand there kids back.

Enrique Pena Nieto is the current president of Mexico. source

           Enrique Pena Nieto is the president of Mexico. Infront of the parents of the missing students he signed a paper saying he would keep the investigation going.



          Angel Aguirre is the governor of Guerrero. He has personally helped out with the investigtion but then gave up on the case
       


         

Public Education & Inequality

The first schools only had one or two classrooms. Source

      The purpose for the first public schools was people needed better training. People believed that education was key to finincial security and social status. They also saw education as an opportunity to merge millions of immigrants.

      Some problems with the first public schools were that the students only were required to go 4 years. If students didn't pay attention or follow the strict rule in school they were hit. The schools also didn't have that many resources. In the schools the teachers would make the students read the Protestant bible. They would also encourage only speaking in English which made most parents with other culture mad.



Kids on their way to school. Source

        Schools were able to help families by taking care of them while the parents were working. The schools also helped take kids out of sweatshops. In schools the kids were able to learn how to write and read. They were also thought math and science.

       On problem was that schools perpetuated inequality. Opportunities differed sharply for white and black students. According to statistics taken 62%  of white children attended elementary school while only 34% of African American attended. After 60 years public schools became available for the majority of black children in the southern states.

       

Has the U.S. Moved On From Racism?

Source

        I belive the U.S has not moved on from racism.  In the article "Why Do Millennials Not Understand Racism?" the author talked about how racism has changed during years. People often time are incarcerated for minor offenses(ie. vagrancy or homelessness). Very few families discuss about racism. Only 37%  of the families talk openly about race, which make racial discussions uncomfortable. We know that Racism still exists  today because 44% of the African-American families own homes versus 73%  of white families. If the U.S was colorblind than the percentages of people that own houses would be more equal. African -Americans die four years earlier than whites because they have lower income which leads poor healthcare and leaving in bad neighborhoods.

How The Tycoons Became SO Rich

Andrew Carnegie was a Tycoon that at a young age he was really rich.  Source

            One of the interesting things about Carnegie's life was when his boss actually let him buy stocks. That was rear at the time because poor people could'nt afford to buy stocks.

            The tycoons were businessman of exceptional wealth and power. They got wealthy by continually searching for new ways to make better products for less money. Tycoons also tried new machines. They also attracted new talented workers by offering them great pays and benefits that they couldn't resits. Competition between workers was also  encouraged.

      

            A strategy that Tycoons used to control their business was verticle integration.

John D. Rockerfeller was a Tycoon that focused on oil. Source

             

            Robber barons are wealthy businessman. and after establishing their monopolies, owners began raising prices higher than before and began to reduce wages for workers.

             Social Darwinism was the idea that being rich was a sign of God's favor, and being poor was a sign of being lazy or inferior. Darwin described how species flourished and passed their traits to other new generations. This is why America thought they were the best.

            

Passive House Poem

This passive house has glass as walls to use as much sunlight. Source

Passive house the most ecofriendly houses
Don't have your traditional heating and air conditioning system
Use sunlight instead of lights
Expensive but worth the cost
Solar panels one of the best commodities in the house
They help with your electricity supply

This passive house has solar panels facing south to capture as much sunlight to produce energy. Source

Summary of Tech Readings

          In the article, How Science and Life Interacted During the American Revolution compiled by Danny Blas we learned that cities spread outwards and upwards because a lot of people started to move into the cities and elevators were introduced.
           
             Technology helped changed how people moved around cities because we created transportation above the surface, on the surface, and below the surface during the Industrial Revolution. Above the surface transportation refers to airplanes. On the surface refers to street cars and below the surface refers to subways.
            
             Technology also changed the way we read and learn because back then it was hard to get news until printing became cheaper and newspapers were cheaper so people were able to get there information that way.

 

        In the article The Passive House: Sealed for Freshness by Sandy Keenan we learned that a passive house is an environmentally responsible house without traditional heating and air conditioning systems.
      
        To be certified you have to meet 3 requirements. The first requirement is if there has to be a certain level of  air tightness. The other two requirements are the measures of energy use. All of this requirements are tested during the construction phase so the walls don't break down.

        The people that live in expensive neighborhoods close to the passive houses are jealous and didn't want other social classes with mixed with them.
       
          Technology has changed Americans lives drastically because of the  Industrial Revolution in 2014. Now houses are in high apartment building because we have the material to spread buildings upwards. Also people can live a little bit far from work but still get in time because of all the transportation options they have.

 

The Industrial Revolution

          In the article  titled, The  beginning of the Industrial Revolution, compiled by Danny Blas, the Industrial Revolution in the United States was significant because it's has made it the most wealthiest country.
          The Industrial Revolution in the U.S. was made possible by free enterprise and entrepreneurs was significant because free enterprise had the freedom of of private business to operate competitively and entrepreneurs invested in new business to gain a profit.                 





 

Oil was really important during the Industrial Revolution it helped the U.S. become a world-wide industrial power.  Source

         The U.S. had an abundance of natural resources, one of which was oil, which allowed the U.S. to transport goods.Black gold was significant because  it was used for fuel for transportation. In the Industrial Revolution cars were becoming really popular.
           The Erie Canal connect to Lake Erie and the Hudson River. It is important because it was the first man made canal. The canal helped transport goods with steamboats
       



 

Joseph Glidden was the inventor of barbed wire. His invention was used in the farms. Source 

             Steel was manufactured by removing carbon from iron. Steel was than used to make railroads. Inventors later started to use it for their inventions.
           

This was one of the first skyscrapers from the Industrial Revolution. Source

              Buildings changed during the Industrial Revolution. When steel was invented building were able to expand upward because steel was more strong enough to support the upward strength.

Levi's Letter

    How often do you encounter letters that are about 75 years old? Over the past 2 weeks my classmates and I have transcribed some letters that were sent by a U.S Navy to his wife who lived in San Diego. Levi Kinsel wrote to his wife about every month. Through the letters I was able to identify Levi's most dominant characteristics which were caring, busy and unhealthy.

    Levi was caring because one day he sent Rose a letter saying "We were paid Friday but I will get paid again the 1st so I will wait until then to send you some money I think you probably have some from the last time."(Pg 14) This shows how he cares that she has enough money to sustain her life here in San Diego while he is away. In another letter  from April 4, 1939 he wrote "I am sending you a money order for $75. You can get yourself a Easter hat or something."(pg 4) This also shows how he cared that she had new clothes and was happy that day  even though he couldn't be with her. Levi also wrote in his letter from April 8, 1944 "I don’t see why you are doing all that hard work or so much of it all at once. I told you in my first letter that i didn’t expect to be at work long enough to get mail there. I was glad you had the house painted, but you should have waited and had someone do it."(Pg 34) This shows how he cares that Rose doesn't get injured or hurt while she is fixing the house and would have liked for her to wait for someone to help her out.

    Levi was always busy in the Navy bases where he would be located but he would always have time to respond to Rose's letters.  In a letter he sent on the December 21, 1944 he wrote "I went through Arizona N.M. Colo. Cans. Missouri. Ill. Ohio and VA., I was really all the way through Colo. except about 50 miles. and we went through Raton at 2:30 A.M."(Pg 38) This shows how he traveled a lot to get to where his mission was located. Levi also wrote in his letter from May 13, 1945 "I have a new red book going to read after I finish this: I just got thru shining my shoes and fixing my laundry will take it in the morning. Well to-morrow is the launching of the Tarawa I guess I will see it from the bridge of the Champlain. We haven't long to go now before we start getting busy ourselves."(Pg 42) In this letter we can see that Levi had a busy schedule in the base but still a little bit of time to write to Rose.

    Levi was most of the time unhealthy. In almost all of his letters he would write something about how he was sick with the stomach flu or a cold. In his letter in January 24, 1942 he wrote "I woke up this morning about 3 o'clock and I just barely made the toilet in time and I'm still going about every hour and a half sweetheart"(Pg 21) This shows how he was sick but still had the time to write back to Rose. In his letter from April 25, 1939 he wrote "I did catch a cold in Newport." (Pg 5) This show how he easily gets a cold just from going to Newport.

    In conclusion through the letters that Levi sent to Rose I was able to identify three characteristics that make Levi stand out. He was caring in almost every letter he would ask Rose how someone was doing or he would make sure that she had enough money. Levi also was always busy. He would write about his busy schedule and how he had time to write at least a little. The last characteristic I identified was that he was unhealthy. Levi would write in almost all of the letters that he was sick or just recovering